The Secret Details Into Technology Persuasive Essay Topics That People Arent Aware Of

The Secret Details Into Technology Persuasive Essay Topics That People Aren't Aware Of What You Should Do to Find Out About Technology Persuasive Essay Topics Before You're Left Behind High school isn't free in Kenya. Student spend the majority of their time in school. Students should continue to keep their mobile in silence in order to not disturb the class. Every year many students complain about not having the ability to use their mobile phones in school. Lies You've Been Told About Technology Persuasive Essay Topics It's also advisable to compose a thesis statement to provide your readers the most important idea you'll be speaking about throughout the paper. There are many different persuasion practices that were demonstrated to be the best in an argumentative essay. As you compose the essay, you ought to be able to define science, technology and the association between them both. Certain persuasive essay prompts can earn a topic simpler to write about or there may be a difference if there's a strong opinion to generate a subject easier to be persuasive about. Be certain that you use proper quotations or in-text citations to steer clear of plagiarism troubles. Utilizing archaic words isn't permitted. To write a great essay, you must know use words in the most suitable context. Read and analyze some persuasive essay examples to find out more regarding the structure and vocabulary employed within this sort of essay. Topics that you're familiarized with will make it simpler to get ready for the speech. A student should realize that the topic isn't self-explanatory. It has to be a topic you've got a good opinion on, in addition to a topic people may disagree about. In this instance, it's vital that you get a topic that you're comfortable with. At the exact same time, the internet might be regarded as a threat to privacy. By reading a few papers, you can find lots of new and intriguing ideas. Owner should pay 1 time only while maid get paid for each and every month. It is preferable to search online since it will conserve a plenty o f time. Technology Persuasive Essay Topics: No Longer a Mystery Any moment you require urgent assistance on technology argumentative essay topics or other places, we're always readily available to assist. It's best in the event you choose a topic in which you are in possession of a genuine interest in as you'll be doing tons of research on it and if it's something which you take pleasure in the procedure will be significantly easier and more enjoyable. You've got to make sure that the research which you complete will be form places like authoritative blogs and websites that are called industry leaders. Bear in mind that if it has to do with technology you need to make content that's updated. Because a number of companies have adopted automatic machines so they can boost their production with accuracy. In reality, you will find dozens of resources on the internet that is going to teach you just how to write persuasively. Since blogs are updated daily you should have no trouble finding technology related news that you are able to trust. Nowadays there are lots of technology related blogs and you've got to track down the ones with the newest information. Lies You've Been Told About Technology Persuasive Essay Topics Obviously, topics which are still relevant in 2018 are the very best. Researching the appropriate content which should be included in your essay may require a whole lot of time. Technology essays are written by students in addition to professionals in a variety of fields. Finding the correct articlesto support your persuasive essay is a little more challenging. Technology Persuasive Essay Topics Features The degree of drug abuse in america has increas ed a lot hence resulting in the creation of whether some drugs ought to be legalized in the nation or not. The typical notion of drug abuse is it results in negative impacts in the human body and thinking of the individual involved. As a consequence, it can be argued out that drug abuse is damaging to human beings and ought to be avoided at all cost regardless of the simple fact some folks still believe that drug abuse is harmless. Moreover, drug abuse is harmful since it promotes the spreading of damaging diseases through drugs which must be injected directly within the body. Clothes are a kind of expression. A number of the topics also fall into other categories and we've posed the topics as questions in order that they can be readily adapted into statements to fit your own viewpoint. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good concept to start with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. You have to introduce your own points also so as to demonstrate an alternate perspective. You can't mix information because it is going to lead to confusion. It's not simple picking a topic for your speech since there are many choices so think about these factors when deciding.

Essay on Changing to Healthy Behavior - 2341 Words

Is it possible to help people to change to more healthy behaviour? Theories about changes in health behaviour tend to look at: †¢ Cognition: the way people define and think about what they do and how they change their minds in ways that can lead to changing the ways they act; and †¢ Context: the cultural, social, physical, emotional and psychological environments that shape people and the factors that can facilitate change. No one theory can sum up all the factors in health behaviour, but theories can be used to focus on particular aspects of behaviour and to choose the most appropriate programmes for cancer control. Behaviour: what people do ‘Behaviour’ is the general term covering all the physical acts performed by individuals.†¦show more content†¦Relationship between cognition and behaviour The clearest evidence that cognition leads to new behaviour is the development of skills through formal and informal education. Cognition such as beliefs and attitudes can be translated into action if a change is perceived to be possible, if there is no opposition to or difficulty in performing the action or if the cognition is a central component of the persons teleological system, such as religious beliefs. Cognition that is forged from past experience often influences behaviour. For example, a patient who has been successfully treated in the past is likely to return for care when a new illness appears. Cognitive theories of behaviour attempt to predict what people will do in certain circumstances. The challenge is in identifying which cognition is most salient and the degree to which it can predict change. Many people know that they should exercise and eat a healthy diet, and they form an intention: they decide that they will begin to exercise regularly and limit their intake of s weets and fats. If a large proportion of people with this intention do indeed perform these behavioural changes, intention is a good predictor. In many cases, however, behaviour can change thought patterns. In the case of exercise and diet, a person can desire to be healthy but stop working in this direction when he or she finds it difficult to make time to exercise and makes little progress inShow MoreRelatedShould We Eat A Healthy Meals?863 Words   |  4 Pagesallowance. By changing the amount of meat I eat is my targeted behavior and I will use it as a baseline to control my meat loving behavior. I chose to eat a healthy three meals a day including red wine. My goal is to eat a healthy balance meal three times day for the next six months. My typical protein requirements are for: Weight loss = .65 grams per pound of body weight. Maintain muscle = .65 gram per pound of body weight. Build muscle = 1 gram per pound of body weight. Changing this behavior is importantRead MoreThe Benefits of Reducing the Intake of Fast Food664 Words   |  3 Pagesthe behavior for the better. There are various benefits of reducing the intake of fast food, strategies and challenges of changing my behavior which will be analyzed. There are three benefits I will enjoy by reducing the fast food consumption. First, the change of the behavior will assist in improving my immunity. This is because of the fact that keeping a healthy and balanced diet is an essential aspect when it comes to strengthening the immunity. The second benefit of changing the behavior isRead MoreThe Bad Habit Of Drinking Soda943 Words   |  4 Pagesthe bad habit of drinking soda will be observed. Proper steps and procedures will be conducted in order to try to get rid of the target behavior. The target behavior was tracked in a log for a time period of seven days (see Appendix A). After tracking the behavior, goals were established and the proper steps were taken in order to try to get rid of the target behavior. We will also be looking at how drinking soda effects each dimension of wellness and how that can impact physical and emotional healthRead MoreWhat Are The Solid Relationship?1638 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom on searching their o wn partners and committing relationships. However, most of the relationships built based on such freedom turn out to have low quality and temporary. It is because that when people establish superficial relationship and keep changing their partners, it hurt their partners and cause them to lose faith in their future relationships. The lack of security and trust make them doubt about their future relationships and eventually generate another superficial relationship. While LeslieRead MoreEcological Models And Health Behavior Change Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesEcological Models And Health Behavior Change On individual level changes in health promotion and ecological approaches target and influence multiple health behaviors. This is because the individuals living in the environment are embedded in temporary change of behaviors. Therefore it is very important to consider ecological approaches, changing health behaviors and environmental factors while designing operational and supportable health promotion plans. Healthcare promotion is primarily based uponRead MorePhysical Health And Its Effects On The Health Of The Environment1448 Words   |  6 Pagessense of meaning and purpose in your life. Environmental health allows people to understand the health of the environment around them. The Transtheoretical Model includes many complicated stages of the process of changing a behavior.The Precontemplation stage consists of no intention of changing whether failing to change before or being unaware of any problem. Contemplation stage is the first stage where people recognize the presence of a problem and the need for change. Preparation stage is where peopleRead MoreThe Theory Of Behavioral Change1686 Words   |  7 PagesTranstheoretical Model, Integrates processes and principles of change from across major intervention theories. It was originally developed to look at the process of extinguishing behaviors (like smoking). Now also used to look at acquisition of behavior. It is based on idea of stopping or changing a behavior (health risk). In general it is step by step process of implementing behavioral change in a person. It is really hard for diabetic patients to maintain control of the diabetes, they have theRead MoreFood Choices Of College Life And Time Affect Eat ing Habits1188 Words   |  5 Pages The main concepts of my research question have to do with what causes people to eat healthily or unhealthily. The point is to try to understand what influences people’s eating habits, primarily how social class and time influence eating habits. Healthy food is often much more expensive than unhealthy alternatives. Social inequality affects many different aspects of people’s lives. I am trying to figure out to what extent social inequality and time affect the eating habits of college students. Read MoreObesity : Obesity And Fitness1420 Words   |  6 Pagesgiven was not enough to eat even if they brought their own lunch. Some even expressed that having multiple jobs and responsibilities caused them stress that they relay on high calorie food, like candy and soda. Employees do not have very many healthy food choices at their workplace. In this struggling economy, employers have to resort to lower end resources, instead of providing cafeterias with healthier options they have to opt for the vending machines with greasy chips, mini donuts, and chocolateRead MoreHow Mobile Technology Can Be Integrated With The Army Surgeon General s Performance Triad1437 Words   |  6 Pagesis being conducted: Mobile technology has become ubiquitous making it the ideal platform to promote healthy lifestyles. The Performance Triad is a comprehensive plan that focuses on promoting better sleep, activity, and nutrition habits. The Performance Triad addresses the lifestyle choices made in the Lifespace, the time that is not spent with a healthcare provider. The Lifespace is where healthy habits can be maintained or improved and where people need information, education, and support. The

Environmental Management Climate Sustainable Development

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Management for Climate Sustainable Development. Answer: Introduction: The idea of sustainable development can be identified as an approach of utilizing and using the resources in such a way so that no scarcity of it can be identified in the future. As mentioned by Ujvari (2009), sustainable development can be identified as development with sustainability that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. With the three-fold ideas of sustainable development (environmental sustainability, economic sustainability and socio-political sustainability) a region can be achieve growth by utilizing the recourses with sustainable return. Here, the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal has been selected for analyzing the sustainable development with empirical citations. The issues like, huge population growth, lack of access to the amenities, the discriminatory use of the natural resources, lack of conservation knowledge, lack of participation in the political affairs and the increasing amount of pollution in the tracking region have typically contributed to the overall under development of this region (Lama Job, 2014). However, with various approaches, the Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) authority is introducing the sustainable development within this area. The sustainable growth approaches in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal: The Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal is the largest protected area with 7629 square kilometer in the Annapurna range of Himalayas (Schuett, Dahal Nepal, 2016). This particular area is being under some social and economic issues since a long time. Being a distant and naturally remote place, development were always a concern for the political authorities of the nation. However, with the sustainable development program, the region is being continuously becoming self-sufficient. As mentioned by Baral (2014), in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal the ACAP worked on the basis of three principals: sustainability, local participation and catalyst. Now, as mentioned by Nepal (2002), the idea of sustainable development is typically dependent on these 3 elements. If a discussion on the 3 interrelated parts of sustainable development can be done, it can be noticed that ACAP work principles have fundamentally assisted in augmenting the sustainable developmental approach in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal. Environmental sustainability: As discussed by KC, Rijal and Sapkota (2015), the major resources those are fundamental for growth, are the environmental resources. Moreover, the regions, which are rich in environmental resources, need to apply strategies to encourage eco-tourism. As mentioned by Baral, Stern and Hammett (2012), the idea of eco- tourism involves visiting undisturbed national areas intended as a low- impact and small-scale alternative of mass tourism. As discussed by Nyaupane and Thapa (2004), many mountain population around the world have endorsed ecotourism ventures to restructure problems of ecological degradation and underdevelopment. The Annapurna Conservation Area has also faced this particular issue. With the rampant trekking and pollution made by the tourists, the region was on the verge of shifting its tourist attractions, which would be a hart to the livelihood of the local people. Hence, the ACAP concentrated on providing training and education both the tourists and the local people, rega rding the garbage disposal, sanitation, use of fuel-wood saving devices and many more. The main ideas those are revolving around the eco- tourism is to train the tourists, to supply finances for ecological conservation, to benefit the fiscal advancement and political empowerment of local population etc (Seltz, 2014). The ACAP authority has intelligently initiated the strategies of eco- tourism within the local people of this area. Moreover, as mentioned by Lama (2016), eco- tourism is also helpful in celebrating and conserving the indigenous cultures in the remote mountain areas. The Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal was also facing this issue. Because of the inaccessibility of the livelihood and basic amenities were being compelled to shift to the urban areas, which was hurting the potentiality of the tourism business in this area. Hence, the ACAP is initiating the social developmental approaches via community participation. It is helping the indigenous people to sustain in their own land and increasing the tourist count in the spot. Moreover, the installation of the alternate source of energy is helping the region to use the natural resources in a sustainable manner. As mentioned by Gurung (1993), the use of the Back-boiler Water Heater, Solar Water Heater, Micro-hydro Electricity Installation, Kerosene Only Policy etc. by the local commercial and well as the familial users is supporting the sustainable use of the environmental resources. As mentioned by Budhathoki (2014), this approach to the eco tourism has provided 5 % income increase to the tourism sector in this area. Moreover, this culture of using the natural renewable energy resources in tourist areas is providing nature- supporting environment to the trekking areas of Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal with minimized pollution level. Economic sustainability: As mentioned by Schuett, Dahal and Nepal (2016), the idea of economic sustainability is the use of varied strategies for employing the existing resources optimally so that a responsible and beneficial balance can be achieved over longer period. As mentioned by Dahal, Nepal and Schuett (2014), it is the obligation of the PA (protected area) authorities to provide livelihood and income for the people living in and around the protected areas. Moreover, they must support different forms of environmental services at the local, national and global level (Dahal, Nepal Schuett, 2014). As mentioned by Rayamajhi (2013), due to their heavy reliance on their immediate environment the mountain people are largely dependent on the agricultural work. In the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal, the scenario was not any different. The subsistence farming, traditional cultivation techniques, over grazing and last but most importantly the use of traditional energy sources in the commercial purposes we re haring the potentiality of economic sustainability in this area. Hence, as mentioned by Bhatta and Chan (2013), the use of sustainable energy in the commercial purpose, so that the return can ensure future growth is necessary for the remote mountain tourists areas. As mentioned earlier, the initiation of the alternative energy resources has helped the eco- tourism. However, the same happened with the commercial sustainability approach in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal. As mentioned by Gurung (1993), motivating the lodge owners to install the Back-boiler Water Heater saved 40% wood consumption in this trekking area. On the other hand, as discussed by Nepal (2002), by introducing the technologies which are easy to use and available in Nepal, the commercial sustainability was being achieved by the locality. The ACAP motivated the local lodge owners to use the small micro-hydro electricity plants, which helped them to reduce their energy usage cost and increase their profit count by minimizing the environmental footprint. On the other hand, the local people have been encouraged to opt for sustainable framing strategy by using the policy of crop rotation, using the bio fertilizers and recycling of the waste materials. As mentioned by Schuett, Dahal and Nepal (2016), by using the sustainable economic processes the people of the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal obtained a high degree of economic sustainability. Socio-political sustainability: The socio- political sustainability is largely dependent on the idea of participation of the local people in the social and political exercises. As mentioned by Schuett, Dahal and Nepal (2016), the idea of social sustainability is the least defined and understood component of sustainable development. As discussed by Seltz (2014), the major approaches of social sustainability are the social equity, health equity, community development, social responsibility and many more. By providing equitable opportunity to all the members of the community, mainly the poorest and the most vulnerable members, and ensuring quality of life Sustainable Human Development can be achieved. It can be seen as the development of the capability of people by utilizing the present resources, without compromising the resource potential of the future generations. Here, as mentioned by Gurung (1993), the ACAP authority has integrated the Catalyst or Lami Approach. With the community health and sanitation program, the committee has started to provide the basic amenities to the local people so that their standard of lives can be improved. With the basic health care facilities and the regular training for toilet facilities and mobilizing the local children for attaining clean village, the ACAP authority is typically encouraging the human resource development in this area with a sustainable approach On the other hand, the success of eco- tourism and the approaches to the sustainable development typically depends on the local participation. As mentioned by Lama and Job (2014), in a country like Nepal, where the existence of the local people is largely dependent on the resources on the Protected areas, it is typically important to involve the local people in the management of the parks as well as in the decision making process. For empirical citation, the ACAP was unable to implement the kerosene policy in the region without consulting, advocating and motivating the local users of this region. As mentioned by Nugkuag, the leader of Coordinating Body for Indigenous People's Organizations of the Amazon Basin (COICA), to save the forest, you must first save the indigenous people who live there (Gurung, 1993). Hence, as mentioned by Schuett, Dahal and Nepal (2016), the traditional top- down approach of decision making regarding the conservation issues was largely failing due to the d isinterest of the people to identify their advantages. Hence, the ACAP authority included the participatory strategies under the rubric of bottom- up conservation. Thus, all the above discussed sustainable development approach and the initiation of the eco- tourism as a part of it, is helping the national economy to grow with a sustainable way, without harming the potential of the future generation. By implementing the strategy of using the renewable energy resources, the region is being environmentally sustainable which is helping in conserving the b for the growth of the eco- tourism (Budhathoki, 2014). The trainings and advocacy on the sustainable farming and recycling of the wastes is providing the knowledge to the local people about the importance of maintaining the environmental sustainability for ensuring sustainable livelihood options. Thus, the socio- economic issue are being eradicated with the sustainable development approach in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal. Conclusion: Hence, it can be noted that with the approaches to the sustainable development and focusing on the components of it, a region can obtain growth records. In a number of mountain areas the approaches of sustainable development has been proved as helpful for eradicating the issues like health concerns, lack of local participation, lack of sustainable livelihood and many others. With the sustainable developmental approach, the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal is achieving a significant improvement in conserving diversity and promoting eco- tourism. With ensuring local participation, the ACAP authority has successfully integrated a sustainable approach to the development strategy of this region. Community participation is the keystone of sustainable development. By identifying this fundamental idea, the ACAP authority has provided social sustainability, trainings, motivation and advocacy for ensuring local participation in management and decision making process of the eco- tourism in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal. Thus, the region is now successfully implementing the developmental strategies and eradicating the socio- economic issues related to this area. References: Baral, N. (2014). Evaluation and resilience of ecotourism in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal.Environmental Conservation,41(01), 84-92 Baral, N., Stern, M., Hammett, A. (2012). Developing a scale for evaluating ecotourism by visitors: a study in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal.Journal Of Sustainable Tourism,20(7), 975-989. Bhatta, K. D., Chan, R. C. K. (2013). Sustainable ecotourism development: a critical examination of annapurna conservation area of Nepal. InAAG 2013 Annual Meeting. Association of American Geographers.. Budhathoki, P. (2014). Conservation strategies and approaches for sustainable development and poverty alleviation in the mountain areas of nepal.SUSTAINABLE Development and Ethnic Minority Poverty Reduction in Mountainous Regions, 37. Dahal, S., Nepal, S. K., Schuett, M. A. (2014). Examining marginalized communities and local conservation institutions: the case of Nepals Annapurna Conservation Area.Environmental management,53(1), 219-230. Gurung, C. P. (1993). Conservation for Sustainable Development: Myth or Reality? A Case of the Annapurna Conservation Area Project, Nepal.Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies,13(1), 13. KC, A., Rijal, K., Sapkota, R. P. (2015). Role of ecotourism in environmental conservation and socioeconomic development in Annapurna conservation area, Nepal.International Journal of Sustainable Development World Ecology,22(3), 251-258. Lama, A. K. (2016).Understanding Institutional Adaptation to Climate Change: Social Resilience and Adaptive Governance Capacities of the Nature Based Tourism Institutions in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal(Vol. 115). BoDBooks on Demand. Lama, A. K., Job, H. (2014). Protected areas and road development: Sustainable development discourses in the Annapurna conservation area, Nepal.Erdkunde, 229-250. Nepal, S. K. (2002). Mountain ecotourism and sustainable development: Ecology, economics, and ethics.Mountain Research and Development,22(2), 104-109. Nyaupane, G. P., Thapa, B. (2004). Evaluation of ecotourism: A comparative assessment in the Annapurna Conservation Area Project, Nepal.Journal of Ecotourism,3(1), 20-45. Rayamajhi, S. (2013). Linkage between tourism and climate change: A study of the perceptions of stakeholders along the Annapurna trekking trail.Nepal tourism and development review,2(1), 60-86. Schuett, M. A., Dahal, S., Nepal, S. (2016). Local perspectives on benefits of an integrated conservation and development project: The Annapurna conservation area in Nepal.International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation,8(7), 138-146. Seltz, H. (2014). Economic equity in the Annapurna Conservation Area: Effects of government and community-based organizations. Ujvari, K. (2009). Mountain tourism: Climate change and sustainability.Journal of Tourism Challenges and Trends,2(1), 153-163.

Stores Management Essay Example

Stores Management Essay Location : Agarwal Udyog Nagar, Waliv, (East), Dist Thane. Vasai Road Person contacted : Prashant Kubade. Development Engineer. Contact No. : 95250-2456426/2456430 95250-2454520/2454365. No. of stores : 1 store room with separate section for storage of chemicals. Sujan Group which started its operations in Andheri, Mumbai, in the mid-seventies has over the years established various companies like, Sujan Industries, Vee Kay Rubber Products, Polyrub Extrusions (India), Speciality Elastomers Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Covering the entire gamut of rubber manufacturing processes. Of these, Mega is a QS 9000 company where as Sujan Industries Polyrub are ISO 9002 companies and on the way to achieving QS 9000 certifying body being RWTUV. Sujan today is carrying company both for its customers and employees. The entire group shares the mission to continue being an organization which ont only rests on concrete pillars but on the shoulder of committed well knit TEAM. Following the â€Å"Go Global Mantra†, Sujan with manufacturing concepts tailored to the needs of expanding markets exports to countries like USA, UK, Australia, Middle East etc. Has from wide acceptance with improved growth and increased market share. Locally the group has a strong presence in the Indian Automobile Industry and also in the two-wheeler sector. The various group companies are also servicing other industries like aerospace, earth-moving, electrical, office automation. Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is established since 1995. No. of employees is approximately 325 in this company. The total area of the company is about 25000 sq. ft. and the area of the store department is about 2000 sq. ft. We will write a custom essay sample on Stores Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Stores Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Stores Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The total turn over of this company is approximately 2. 6 crore per month. There are 6-8 employees employed in the stores department, which includes a head of the department, a stores incharge officer, and 4-6 employees employed under the stores incharge officer. QUALITY ASSURANCE: At Sujan, Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is committed to attaining the highest standard possible from the purchase of raw materials to the final products. The company lays special emphasis on the prevention of quality problems before manufacture rather than on detection of error later. Its employees are fully geared trained to focus on continuous improvement in their respective job functions. Combining well trained quality conscious expectations are met customer satisfaction is maintained at the highest level. The quality systems are independent of production form the base of their work ethic. Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. provides Quality assurance. It is very essential to know the functional characteristics and life span of the components being produced. On dynamic testing machine company check static and dynamic characteristics like spring constant Damping coefficient resonance etc. nd also it assess the life span of Functional components like Engine mounts, struts, silent blocks insulator mounts etc. this not only create confidence about he components, but also gives chance for improvement. The machine is very essential for RD and assessing the quality. Thus this company gives lot of importance as far as quality is concerned. Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is into products of rubber make like- Engine Mounts, Silent blocks, Rubber rolls, Boots/Bellows, Gaskets, Seals O Rings, Extrusions, Fuel Tubes Hoses, Gen. Rubber Goods, etc. All these products produced are Made-to-order (MTO). The basic raw materials used are basic natural rubber, EPDM, Neoprene, Viton, Polyacrylic, etc. This company manufactures products to the esteemed company like Maruti, Toyota, Honda and so on. The whole process starts with placing the purchase order for the imported raw material from Japan, Holland, Dewpond, and America Natural rubber is imported from Kerala, depending on the requirement of the order, since all the products are Made To Order (MTO). The import from Japan takes around 45 days the minimum stock level is for 3 months. After 45 days when the good are delivered they are first inspected for quality by the quality control department and then tested for quantity by the accounts department and then the payment for the material is done. After testing the material a tag is attached to the material and then send to the stores room to be kept in different racks, which are of 20ft height. This tag includes information about the raw material i. e. the name, followed by description of the material i. e. its quality followed by the name of the supplier. Then the quantity of the materials is specified, followed by the (Goods receipt no. GRN number and the date the (Material test report) MTR no and the date. With this tag there is a perforation tag, which is torn off at the time of the quality inspection of each bag and once the quality check is complete the quality department stamps each bag and keeps the perforated tags for records, only then the materials are forwarded to the stores department to be stacked is different shelves. The raw materials are identified with the help of the location chart, which includes the information about which material is located where. After the products are stacked the production process starts, where in the raw materials are forwarded to the mixing department where in different materials are mixed according to the requirement of the product. This mixture is kept under 25 degrees Celsius for 15 days, in order to improve its shelf life. After mixing, the mixture is then send for further processing to the moulding department. After moulding it is then send to deflashing process wherein the extra material of the product is removed. This material is then send to the packaging department with the help of the trolley to the dispatching department, from where the good are send to the customers. Description of some of the products produced and manufactured by this company are as follows: †¢ Engine Mounts: Rubber to metal bonded components used to support load, isolate vibration and absorb shock. The mounts are so designed that the deflation under different loads is specific or the load deflation graph is well defined and the spring constant is specified depending upon vibration intensity engine load. †¢ Silent blocks: Silent blocks form a vital part of a suspension system. Apart from this they are also used for articulation ball joints, steering linkages, radius arms, angle joints, yokes etc. Anti-vibration Dampers are used to absorb vertical shocks in tandem they reduce wear tear also noise. The multi directional movement of the vehicle creates comprehensive and tensile stresses, which are all taken by these Silent Blocks. The vertical oscillating shocks of the body are taken by the Dampers. †¢ Rubber rolls: produced from various Elastomers with specific compounding techniques, Rubber Rolls produced by the company find use in industries like paper, textile, flexographic and office automation. The company’s rolls meet the best operation related surface quality, a long service life and company with tight tolerances specified by end users. †¢ Boots/Bellows: Highly flexible components available are unlimited variety of shapes and sizes – provide compact protection for shafts, shaft joints and moveable joints. These bellows essentially increase the life of wearing parts by preventing ingress of dust particles. †¢ Gaskets: the elastic property of rubber exerts a pressure on the contracting surface to maintain a perfect seal. Varied service conditions can be catered to by the right choice of elastomer. Manufactured from various elastomers for use in industries like dairy, automobile, heat exchangers, submarines, offshore equipment, furnances etc. gaskets can be designed to withstand a broad spectrum of temperatures by choosing the appropriate elastomer. On line sealing can also be carried out without affecting the running of the plant pipelines specially in petrochemical, fertilizers, chemical industries. †¢ Seals O Rings: O rings, among the most basic sealing components, find a myriad of applications such as in aircrafts, automobiles, earthmoving equipments, hydraulic pneumatic systems. Produced from various elastomers depending on service conditions, can withstand temperature from –70 C to +250 C. †¢ Gen. Rubber Goods: General Rubber Goods for various end uses are produced as per specification drawing offered by the buyer. They can also be designed by the company if service conditions are stipulated. The exclusive range is evident from over 10000 different products we manufacture for almost every industry. Prominent among the products are rubber parts for consumers’ durables, forklift tyres, dock fenders, sandwich mountings, propeller shaft housings, diaphragms etc. he expertise of the company has allowed it to meet the needs of abroad spectrum of customers ranging from government agencies, defence organizations to private enterprises. ABOUT THE PARLE PRODUCTS LTD Introduction A long time ago, when the British ruled India, a small factory was set up in the suburbs of Mumbai city, to manufacture sweets and toffees. The year was 1929 and the marke t was dominated by famous international brands that were imported freely. Despite the odds and unequal competition, this company called Parle Products, survived and succeeded, by adhering to high quality and improvising from time to time. A decade later, in 1939, Parle Products began manufacturing biscuits, in addition to sweets and toffees. Having already established a reputation for quality, the Parle brand name grew in strength with this diversification. Parle Glucose and Parle Monaco were the first brands of biscuits to be introduced, which later went on to become leading names for great taste and quality. How Parle fought to make biscuits affordable to all. Biscuits were very much a luxury food in India, when Parle began production in 1939. Apart from Glucose and Monaco biscuits, Parle did offer a wide variety of brands. However, during the Second World War, all domestic biscuit production was diverted to assist the Indian soldiers in India and the Far East. Apart from this, the shortage of wheat in those days, made Parle decide to concentrate on the more popular brands, so that people could enjoy the price benefits. Thankfully today, theres no dearth of ingredients and the demand for more premium brands is on the rise. Thats why, we now have a wide range of biscuits and mouthwatering confectionaries to offer. The strength of the Parle Brand Over the years, Parle has grown to become a multi-million US Dollar company. Many of the Parle products biscuits or confectionaries, are market leaders in their category and have won acclaim at the Monde Selection, since 1971. Today, Parle enjoys a 40% share of the total biscuit market and a 15% share of the total confectionary market, in India. The Parle Biscuit brands, such as, Parle-G, Monaco and Krackjack and confectionery brands, such as, Melody, Poppins, Mangobite and Kismi, enjoy a strong imagery and appeal amongst consumers. Be it a big city or a remote village of India, the Parle name symbolizes quality, health and great taste! And yet, we know that this reputation has been built, by constantly innovating and catering to new tastes. This can be seen by the success of new brands, such as, Hide Seek, or the single twist wrapping of Mango bite. In this way, by concentrating on consumer tastes and preferences and emphasizing Research Development, the Parle brand grows from strength to strength. The Quality Commitment Parle Products has one factory at Mumbai that manufactures biscuits confectioneries while another factory at Bahadurgarh, in Haryana manufactures biscuits. Apart from this, Parle has manufacturing facilities at Neemrana, in Rajasthan and at Bangalore in Karnataka. The factories at Bahadurgarh and Neemrana are the largest such manufacturing facilites in India. Parle Products also has 14 manufacturing units for biscuits 5 manufacturing units for confectioneries, on contract. All these factories are located at strategic locations, so as to ensure a constant output easy distribution. Each factory has state-of-the-art machinery with automatic printing packaging facilities. All Parle products are manufactured under the most hygienic conditions. Great care is exercised in the selection quality control of raw materials, packaging materials rigid quality standards are ensured at every stage of the manufacturing process. Every batch of biscuits confectioneries are thoroughly checked by expert staff, using the most modern equipment. The Marketing Strength The extensive distribution network, built over the years, is a major strength for Parle Products. Parle biscuits sweets are available to consumers, even in the most remote places and in the smallest of villages with a population of just 500. Parle has nearly 1,500 wholesalers, catering to 4,25,000 retail outlets directly or indirectly. A two hundred strong dedicated field force services these wholesalers retailers. Additionally, there are 31 depots and CF agents supplying goods to the wide distribution network. The Parle marketing philosophy emphasizes catering to the masses. We constantly endeavour at designing products that provide nutrition fun to the common man. Most Parle offerings are in the low mid-range price segments. This is based on our cultivated understanding of the Indian consumer psyche. The value-for-money positioning helps generate large sales volumes for the products. However, Parle Products also manufactures a variety of premium products for the up-market, urban consumers. And in this way, caters a range of products to a variety of consumers. The Customer Confidence The Parle name conjures up fond memories across the length and breadth of the country. After all, since 1929, the people of India have been growing up on Parle biscuits sweets. Today, the Parle brands have found their way into the hearts and homes of people all over India abroad. Parle Biscuits and confectioneries, continue to spread happiness joy among people of all ages. The consumer is the focus of all activities at Parle. Maximizing value to consumers and forging enduring customer relationships are the core endeavors at Parle. Our efforts are driven towards maximizing customer satisfaction and this is in synergy with our quality pledge. Parle Products Limited will strive to provide consistently nutritious quality food products to meet consumers satisfaction by using quality materials and by adopting appropriate processes. To facilitate the above we will strive to continuously train our employees and to provide them an open and participative environment. ABOUT RICHIE LABORATORIES LTD. Location : Agarwal Industrial Estate, Vasai (East), Dist Thane. Person Contacted : Mr. C. R. Madanan. Stores Manager. Contact No. : 95250-2453432. No. of Stores : 3 store rooms, for raw materials of tablets capsules, Syrups and finished goods. Richie Laboratories Ltd, established since 1994 has excelled in the pharmaceutical field because of the visionary mind of Mr. Hansraj, founder of the company. The area occupied by this company is about 17000 sq. t. and area for the stores is about 4000 sq. ft. including the stores for raw materials of tablets, capsules, syrup and finished goods which were stored in bins. The no. of employees is 30. The yearly turnover of this company is 7-8 crores. This company has no other branches. The entire company has centralized A/C. This company has wide range of medicinal product. The produ cts are made to order (MTO). This company manufactures 35 products, which are tablets, capsules and syrups. Painkillers, antibiotics, cough cold, antacids are some of their products, among which painkillers and antibiotics are the ream sale products. The raw materials are purchased from Bombay market. The company manufactures its products under its own brand name i. e. Richie Laboratories and also manufactures medicinal products for other big companies like Glaxo, Griffon, Clariants, Wockhardt Lifesciences, etc. These companies provide the raw materials provided to this company to manufacture external products itself. In this company, the flow of the materials starts right from the time when delivery of the raw materials is done to the stores department of the finished goods till the finished goods are dispatched. This company has various departments like raw materials stores, liquid stores for bottle and packing, liquid syrup manufacturing department, final packing department, finished product department for liquid, production department for tablets and capsules, punching and making of tablets and capsules, blistering and stripping department, etc. THE STORES FUNCTION Introduction: Stores management is part of the overall function of materials management. In order, therefore, to understand the function of the former it is desirable to have a clear understanding of what materials management stands for. Beginning with the term management is important to examine its definition and objectives. Management is the specific purpose of planning, controlling and implementing. â€Å"Materials management† is one of the recent additions to the growing glossary on management. Materials management is the process if planning, implementing and controlling the flow or storage of input, facilities, service and information efficiently and effectively from the point of supply to the point of consumption in the conformity of the companies’ objective. Stores organization may be defined as a systematic coordination and combination of efforts in manner, which would result in optimum efficiency with a minimum of expenditure. The term Store, Storehouse, or Warehouse refer to a building or room or place where materials are kept. An organization can have various types of stores like Raw Materials Store, Processed or Semi- Finishing Materials Store, Finished Goods Store, Yard Store and so on. Such stores range from ordinary ones with shelves and bins to cold or dehumidified storages, huge silos for storage of food grains or bonded stores for keeping goods on which customs and excise duties have ot been paid. Storage is a part of the economic cycle and Stores Management is today a specialized function, which can contribute significantly to the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the material function. The task of store keeping relates to safe custody and preservation of the materials, stock to their receipts, issue and accounting. The objective is to efficiently and economically provide the right material at the time when it is requires and in the condition in which it is required. It will be appreciated that store keeping adds nothing to the value of a product. However, it is an essential function in any manufacturing or marketing organization. The financial view is that storage is just an overhead – a cost with no return, and hence the importance of economic operation, keeping efficiency at a desired level. The capital cost components consists of the expenditure on land, building and roads, yards, equipment, machinery and other facilities provided. The revenue expenditure consists of salaries and wages, insurance, maintenance costs, stationary, communication expense and the cost to maintain the inventory. Stores function is a vital part of organizations whether they are industrial concerns, public or private utility undertakings, agriculture enterprise, municipal authorities or armed services of Government departments. There are many varieties of materials stored – chemicals, metals, liquids, gases, spare parts, equipment, or finished goods, ranging from engineering components to drugs and pharmaceuticals. Each of thse items will require a specific type of storage. And their handling and preservation methods will vary accordingly. There is high degree of specialization of degree required to store and handle these products and in many cases special storage licenses need to be obtained from the Government, e. g. , the storage of petroleum products. The relative importance of the function of stores depends upon the nature and size of the industry or activity concerned, and in all cases it has to be designed to suit the particular needs of the organization it serves. There is, therefore, no standard system, which can be universally recommended or applied, but in the course of time, certain principles and practices of general application have been evolved. The understanding of these principles is most important in the practice of the art of store keeping. Objectives And Responsibilities Of The Store Function Store is an organization is primarily intended to assist in the production of goods or services and no industrial unit of public undertaking of any significant size can be efficiently managed without it. The basic objective is to provide a service to the operating functions and this aspect must be fully appreciated. All the other activities, although they have their own importance, are subordinate to the main responsibility. The service rendered by Stores can be categorized into 4 broad divisions: 1. To make available a balance flow of raw materials, components, tools, equipments and any other materials necessary to meet operational requirements. 2. To provide maintenance materials, spare parts and general stores as required. 3. To receive and issue finished products. 4. To accept and store scrap and other discarded material as they arise. The major responsibilities of Stores are: †¢ Identification of all material stored. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Receipt of incoming goods. Inspection of all receipts. Storage and preservation. Materials handling. Packing. Issue and dispatch. Maintenance of stock records. Stores accounting. Inventory control. Stock-taking. INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STORES AND OTHER DEPARTMENT Though stores serve all departments of an organization, the highest degree of relations are between Purchase who feeds the Stores, and Production whom the stores feed in turn. 1. Stores and Purchase: these two functions of materials management e. g. stores and purchase are complimentary to each other. Apart from the close relationship that exists on a day-to-day basis in the purchase of various items of stores there are other important activities, which can best be done by close cooperation between Stores and Purchase. These are identification (i. e. coding of stores) and stores vocabulary (the code itself), standardization and variety reduction, inventory control, value analysis, salvaging operations, etc. Other aspects of cooperation include: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Stores sends indents to purchase based on inventory levels determined in accordance with usage and delivery lead times. Correct specification writing, code numbers, mention unit (e. g. pounds instead of kilos) etc. , are all vital in this regard. Determination of ‘ lot sizes ’ for purchase, which should suit production requirements, transport, handling and storage space. Purchase informs Stores of orders placed, and Stores in turn informs Purchase of receipts, rejections, shortages, breakages, theft and loss. Stores should inform Purchase of changing production trends; slow or non-moving stock obsolete or surplus stock, scrap, etc. †¢ 2. Stores and Production: the production department is usually the chief customer of Stores. At production meetings, if Stores is represented, coordination can be excellent. Any change in a production schedule needs to be communicated to Stores to enable prompt corrective action. 3. Stores and Sales: Especially in a Marketing organization, Sales is the chief customer of the finished goods store. The Sales department wants to ensure stocks at all times and this might be a costly philosophy in terms of inventory holdings. Close cooperation and an integrated approach can aid management objectives to increase profitability. 4. Stores and Accounts: Usually the accounts department does all the Stores accounting ensuring a day-to-day working relationship. 5. Stores and Personnel: Selection of the right person for Stores work and an adequate training in storage, preservation and accounting techniques is vital. COMPANIES INFORMATION: In all the companies that we visited Stores played a vital role in the process of manufacturing the products. Inter-relationship between stores and other department differs from company to company. In Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. he stores department was more related with mixing department and moulding department. In Parle Products Ltd. The raw materials stores was only related with production department and there were three different stores for biscuits, confectionary and printing/ packing. Where as in Richie Laboratories Ltd. The stores department was mainly related with production department specifically with the granulation process. STORES ORGANISATION The principal aim i n organization is to achieve desired objectives, in an efficient and economical manner. Adequate organizing would make for the most effective use of both the physical assets of the business as well as the human resources. Organizing consists of the following steps: †¢ †¢ †¢ Identifying and grouping of the work. Defining and delegating responsibility and authority. Establishing structural relationships so that the individual efforts are coordinated. Organizing stores Traditionally, this department has been attached to the production department, even considered part of it. The finished Goods Stores was attached to the Sales Department. Today, it has been recognized that both Production and Sales has vested interest, which conflict with the basic objectives of inventory control. As such, the modern concept is to delink Stores from Production or Sales. The best practice is to place stores under the materials manager and make it part of the materials department. The materials manager will have the status of other senior departmental heads of production, sales or finance, who report to the chief executive. The stores department can be divided into the following divisions/sections: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ A central stores, with sub-stores 1, 2, 3,†¦ (The central stores according to products, and sub-stores according to shop requirements) Receipt stores Inspection wings Finished goods stored Packing section Despatch section Transport section Clearing unit – sea, air, rail Stores hose keeping Stock-taking/Audit Record keeping (Kardex/stock ledger) Stores accounting DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILTY OF STORES PERSSONEL A storekeeper would have several duties and responsibilities, which he may carry out himself or through his subordinates. These are: †¢ To receive incoming materials, including all work connected therewith, like opening of packages, counting and checking. †¢ †¢ †¢ To stare materials in the right place and in the best suited prescribed manner. To ensure that materials are properly preserved, periodical inspection and correct methods. To carry out all movements of materials including movement to Storage from receipt and Storage to Despatch, Packing and Forwarding. To maintain complete, up-to-date and correct records both for physical storage financial accounts. To attend all correspondence, etc. †¢ †¢ The storekeeper’s function may be compared to that of a cashier, because in the final analysis, material is money. Thus, as much as attention should be paid to materials by a Storekeeper as to money by a cashier. CENTRALISED AND DECENTRALISED STORES The structure of store is a major factor in its organization. A very big factory having a large number of product lines may have a main stores which can serve as base, with decentralized stores for each unit of production, preferably located as near the unit as possible. Another possibility is that the main store can be completely eliminated and supplies effected directly to the suit stores. In a small company, one store would be adequate to serve all units. A large company marketing a variety of goods may have a central warehouse of finished goods at its factory location, besides large number of stockpoints in the various cities. A small company on the other hand can have just one simple warehouse from which the entire distribution can take place. Centralization or Decentralization then is a matter of convenience. However, one basic organizational feature must be observed. The entire Stores setup should be under the unified control of one department with Senior Controller of Stores incharge, in order to efficiently achieve the objectives of the function, of stores. Types of Stores: Stores fall into broadly two categories contingent on the following considerations: †¢ †¢ Functional: depending on the use to which the material is put – chemical, tools, raw materials stores, etc. Physical: depending on its size and location – central stores, substores, sites stores, etc. Types of Functional Stores includes: Raw material store, Production Store, General Store, Tools Store, Salvage Store, Packing Store, Spare parts Store, Receipt Store, Quarantine Store, Finished Goods Store, Work-in-progress Store, Stationary Store, Bonded Store, Refrigerated Store, Flammable Materials Store, Dehumidification Store, Transit Sheds, Dry tanks, Shed storage, Open Yard, And so on. Types of Physical stores includes: Central Store, Sub-store, Departmental Store, Group Store, Site Store, Transit Store, And so on. LOCATION OF STORES: The first question that arises is with regard to the location of the stores. Will there be one store or many? Should it be attached to the building of the production unit or be away from it? What transport facilities should be made available? These questions stem from one primary concern – who is being served and what are the services provided. It must be remembered that economy and efficiency are the vital factors. Some of the principles to be observed in this regard are as follows: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ In choosing the location, observe the principle of minimum movement. Plan for future. A storehouse should not merely take care of present needs but also those of the future. All storehouses should be sited with expansion in mind. There should be a considerable degree of flexibility. Accessibility for road, rail or river transport should be an important consideration. Planning should concern itself with loading and unloading facilities. Sufficient precautions should be taken to maintain security from fire, theft, explosion, toxic substances, etc. †¢ †¢ A variety of services must be provided for water, light, drainage and telephone, etc. Planning: At planning stage the following information must be obtained: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The kind of storage needed and the nature and volume of materials to be held in each. The volume of issues of each type. Handling equipment required. Access facilities needed. Types of transport required. Space for goods inward and outward. Stores maintenance area to be utilized. Whether special types of storage areas are required e. g. airconditioned, heated, humid or dry storage. Office accommodation required. Packing facilities, and so on. COMPANIES INFORMATION: In Mega Rubber Technologies Pvt. Ltd. the stores was decentralized there were no specific section in the stores. There was 1 officer incharge and about 4 employees in the stores department who were responsible for the flow of materials from the stores department to the mixing and moulding department. In this company the store was located near to the production floor thereby reducing the transportation cost. Proper planning was followed in this company regarding the stores of the raw materials was concerned. Parle Products Ltd. followed a decentralized method of storing. Even though they could have centralized store since they have got many branches in India but thought of keeping decentralized for smooth functioning. The responsibility of the stores personnel varied since there were different stores for biscuits, confectionaries and printing / packing unit. Even in this company the stores were located near the production floor. Since Richie Laboratories Ltd. had only one production plant there was only one store which was located near the production floor. Thus the responsibility of the stores personnel of inspecting, issuing, dispatching is more specific and efficiently followed. STORES BUILDING STORES LAYOUT Principles of building design †¢ The primary importance is given to the inward outward flows of goods vehicles in an orderl